Symbolism and Aesthetics: Analyzing Mughal Motifs in Art and Architecture

Spanning from 16th to 18th of imperial rule in the Indian subcontinent, the Mughal Empire is an indelible mark on artistic expression through its meticulous cultivation of motifs in various mediums, including art, architecture, manuscript illumination, textiles and decorative arts. This paper examined the symbolism reflected in the Mughal art and architecture. Through a multidisciplinary approach drawing from art history, cultural studies and material culture analysis, this study examined the diverse typologies of Mughal motifs, which included the study of flora and fauna imagery on Mughal monuments, illustrated manuscripts, textile and costumes. By analyzing their aesthetic qualities, symbolic meanings attributed to floral motifs and historical contexts, this research seeks to unravel the complex layers of cultural synthesis and exchange that characterize Mughal art. Through a comprehensive exploration of primary sources, scholarly literature and visual analysis, this paper examined the motifs in shaping the artistic identities, cultural narratives and aesthetic sensibilities in the Mughal Empire and beyond.