Review of Soil Loss Estimation in Ethiopia: Evaluating the Use of the RUSLE Model integrated with GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques

Abstract Soil erosion is one of Ethiopia's most severe ecological problems, affecting agricultural output, water quality, and ecosystem well-being. The RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) model is an extensively used tool for estimating soil erosion, but its applicability in Ethiopia has yet to be effectively evaluated. This article systematically examines the RUSLE model's application in estimating soil loss, emphasizing Ethiopia. A wide-ranging search technique was used to categorize appropriate research articles, books, and other sources related to the practice of the RUSLE model for estimating soil loss in Ethiopia for this review paper. This review observes the model's strengths and limitations, examines the factors contributing to soil erosion, and identifies region-specific strategies for effective soil conservation and mitigation. This review helps the management of soil erosion challenges in Ethiopia by advancing our understanding of the model's utility and providing valuable insights. The findings of this review presented here are critical for estimating soil erosion. They will play a more significant role in improving agricultural methods, protecting soil resources, and ensuring the overall ecological well-being of the country.