Considerations when Applying the BioRID II Dummy Used in Crashworthiness tests to 50 Percentile of Korean, Chinese, and Japanese Height

The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) uses BioRid II dummies to evaluate seat safety. However, it is necessary to verify whether this dummy actually represents the body well when seated. In the case of women, the incidence of whiplash injury is two to three times higher than that of men, so a new dummy was created for this purpose. In addition, since there is a difference in the driver's median height by country, it is necessary to verify whether the dummy used in the actual vehicle crash test adequately represents the difference in the standard body size of the driver in that country.Purpose: A decision was made to compare the specifications of the BioRid II dummy used in the crash test and the numerical values of the evaluation items when the actual participants sat in the test condition. The height of the participants was classified into the height of the 50th percentile for the males and females of each country, and the difference was analyzed through a comparison with the parameter data of BioRID II.Method: A total of 15 participants were seated in a crashworthiness situation including the seatback angle, and side-view X-rays were taken and data were acquired. On the X-ray, the angle of the occipital interface plate relative to horizontal, the angle of the T2 vertebra relative to horizontal, the H-point indicator to occipital condyle pin (horizontal), and the H-point to indicator to occipital condyle (vertical) were measured. Then, after classifying according to the median height of Korea, China, and Japan, each data was compared with the parameters of BioRID II.Result: In the angle of the occipital interface plate relative to horizontal, which is a parameter used for testing in IIHS, BioRID II was measured as 29.5 ± 0.5°. When the average height was 175.6cm, the angle of the occipital interface plate relative to horizontal was 18.3 ± 5.89°, 170.4cm was 18.60 ± 5.36, and 162.3cm was 19.05 ± 4.93°. The angle of the T2 vertebra relative to horizontal was 37 ± 0.5° for BioRID II, 11.7 ± 8.38° for the average height of 175.6cm, 10.21 ± 7.55° for 170.4cm, and 7.60 ± 5.9° for 162.3cm. The H-point indicator to occipital condyle pin (horizontal) was 156 ± 3mm for BioRID II, 272.3 ± 60.57mm for the average height of 175.6cm, 251.1 ± 63.97mm for 170.4cm, and 219.2 ± 59.62mm for 162.3cm. The H-point indicator to occipital condyle (vertical) was 609 ± 3mm for BioRID II, 734.5 ± 39.18mm for the average height of 175.6cm, 708.2 ± 46.90mm for 170.4cm, and 668.6 ± 23.91mm for 162.3cm. As such, there was a difference in the values of the parameters presented in BioRID II and the values according to the height corresponding to each country's actual height.