Effect of some parameters on keratin extracted from waste chicken feathers

Abstract The knowledge on the extraction parameters is an important aspect for researchers in converting feathers waste to resourceful keratin. This work aims at investigating the effect of extraction parameters on the yield of keratin obtained from waste chicken feathers as well as carrying out some characterization of the extracted keratin. Keratin was extracted using the alkaline hydrolysis method. Optimum extraction was determined under different experimental conditions, viz: concentration of sodium hydroxide, retention time, and temperature. Their percentage yields were calculated and the keratin extracted was subjected to morphological (Scanning Electron Microscopy), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermal characterization (Differential scanning calorimetry). A yield of 62% keratin was obtained from 3 M NaOH solution at 37°C and 24 h reaction time. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) reveals keratin powder topography with an unsmooth surface and a mean particle size in diameter of 100 µm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the presence of amides functional groups at 1,600 to 1,200 cm-1 wave number. The DSC analysis showed a melting point of 110oC. The extraction method is easy, economical and environmentally friendly. Extraction conditions significantly impact the quality and quantity of keratin extracted.