Determining some physical and chemical features on lower Zab river and wells water in the Zab township

The current study was conducted on the water of the Zab river in the Zab township of the Hawija district / Kirkuk governorate / Iraq, through which some physical and chemical factors of the river's water and some wells were studied. The research began from August 2019 to January 2020, to study six sites on the Zab River and six wells in the Zab township the research included the measurement of physical factors (electrical conductivity and total soluble salts or electrical conductivity and TDS). And some chemical factors in river water and well water (Calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium ions). And some of the heavy metals (cadmium, lead, copper, and cobalt). The results of the current study showed that the values ​​of electrical conductivity (312-518) microsemns / cm for river water and (741-8542) microsemns / cm for wells, while total dissolved salts ranged between (194-336) mg / L in river water and (253- 293.3 (mg / L for studied wells, calcium ions were recorded between (36-52) mg / L for the Zab River and (51.1-481.3) mg / L for wells. As for Magnesium Ions, it ranged between (15-24) mg / L for the Zab River and ( 26.6-480.5) mg / L for wells, Sodium ions recorded values ​​ranging between (8-19) mg / L for the Zab river and (14.3-294.3) mg / L for well water, the values ​​of potassium ions ranged between (1.4-3) mg / L for the Zab River and (9.5-155) mg / L of wells water, heavy metals (cadmium, lead, cobalt and  copper) in both well water and the Zab River recorded very low values which were did not exceed 0.1 ppm. The results of the statistical analysis of the Dunkin test also showed the presence of temporal and spatial differences in most of the studied physical and chemical factors at 0.05 level.