Familiarity and Knowledge regarding Molar Incisor Hypomineralization amongst a group of Egyptian Dentists and Dental Students

Abstract Background: Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a developmental enamel defect affecting first permanent molars and often associated incisors that leads to clinical, social and psychological implications affecting the child’s oral health and quality of life. Aims: This study aimed to assess and compare the level of knowledge regarding MIH among dental students and practicing dentists, while also examining demographic and professional characteristics that may influence familiarity with the condition. Methods: A total number of 365 questionnaires were distributed among participants. Two structured online questionnaires were administered: one to 180 fifth-year dental students at New Giza University and the other to 185 dental practitioners including GPs and dental specialists from various institutions across Egypt. Results: Approximately 95% of all participants were familiar with MIH. However, there was a statistically significant difference in the knowledge scores between dentists and students (p = 0.001) with students having slightly higher average knowledge score compared to practicing dentists. Among dentists, pediatric specialists demonstrated the highest levels of awareness (p = 0.002). A significant difference was also observed in the perception of MIH among dentists (p = 0.003). Over 90% of pediatric dentists expressed high confidence in diagnosing and managing MIH. Notably, pediatric dentists also reported using a wider range of treatment materials, with statistically significant differences noted in material selection (p = 0.0001). Preferences for additional training also varied significantly (p = 0.005), with most specialists indicating interest in further education. Among students, a significant variation in MIH perception was recorded (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: While overall awareness of MIH was high among participants, notable gaps remain in diagnostic confidence, understanding of etiology, and treatment skills particularly among dental students and non-specialists. Clinical trials number: Not applicable.