Multiwavelength Long-term Studies of Radio Galaxy NGC 1275

Abstract It is widely considered that the processes of an interaction between the energy and radiation, which are generated in the active galactic nuclei (AGN) by accretion onto their central massive black hole with the gas in the host galaxy, take a great part in the evolution of the galaxies at all development stages. Such “feedback” of the galaxy environment by AGN including the role of their jetted outbursts generally has no evidence through the multiwavelength observations. Only a few objects are suitable for these purposes. The Perseus cluster of galaxies with the central galaxy NGC 1275 is a perfect laboratory for studying both the physics of AGN’s relativistic jets and the feedback role of the central galaxy. Here, the most complete long-term observations across the electromagnetic spectrum from radio up to very-high-energy gamma rays are collected. The multiwavelength light curve provides evidence for the variability of NGC 1275 on decade timescales in the whole energy range and points to the connection of the observed activity with the launch of the features of the relativistic jets from the NGC 1275 core. The relation of multiwavelength emission components is demonstrated with spectral energy distribution and emission maps of the central part of the Perseus cluster. The evidence of the interaction of cosmic rays and magnetic fields generated in the jets at the galactic center with the gas of the Perseus cluster is obtained.