Clinical results according to cause of endophthalmitis

Abstract Purpose To analysis clinical features according to the cause of endophthalmitis and evaluate the factors associated with final visual acuity. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 28 patients with endophthalmitis treated from January, 2014 to December, 2018, and analyzed the clinical features of endophthalmitis and the factors associated with final visual acuity. Results The total number of subjects was 28 (28 eyes). The mean age was 65.32 ± 14.85 years old, 22 (78.6%) were male and 6 (21.4%) were female. Of the 28 eyes, 6 eyes (21.4%) had endogenous endophthalmitis, 12 eyes (42.9%) had endophthalmitis after trauma, 9 eyes (32.1%) had endophthalmitis after cataract surgery, and 1 eye (3.6%) has endophthalmitis after intravitreal bevacizumab injection. The most common cause was trauma. The mean time to treatment after symptom onset was 0.88 ± 2.62 days and the mean follow‐up period was 14.93 ± 14.22 months. The mean final visual acuity (logMAR) of each cause was 0.63 ± 0.83 for cataract surgery, 1.43 ± 0.73 for endogenous, 1.60 ± 0.44 for trauma, and hand motion for intravitreal bevacizumab injection. In the case of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery, final visual acuity improved significantly compared with initial visual acuity (p = 0.028). According to time from event or symptom to diagnosis, the mean final visual acuity was 1.37 ± 0.65 in 2 days, 1.15 ± 0.96 in 3–7 days, and 1.16 ± 0.91 in 7 days. In cases of less than 2 days, final visual acuity improved significantly compared to initial visual acuity (p=0.037). According to initial visual acuity, the mean final visual was 1.88 ± 0.25 with less than light perception, 1.23 ± 0.64 with hand motion, 1.04 ± 0.95 with finger count, and 0.48 ± 0.57 with above 20/400. The higher the initial visual acuity, the higher the final visual acuity. The better the initial visual acuity, the higher the final visual acuity (p = 0.005, Kruskal–Wallis test). Conclusion We concluded that the initial visual acuity and the cause of endophthalmitis are related to the final visual prognosis.