Integration of Automated River Fow Discharge and Sediment Observation Systems and Applications

The widespread application of IoT observation technology has further improved and timely applied river monitoring technology, especially during floods, providing instant judgment and disaster prevention applications. However, real-time sediment observations often lack data due to considerations such as river water sampling and personnel safety during river floods. Therefore, it is necessary to integrate various observation instruments for observation. The river flow discharge part includes radar water level gauges, river surface current meters and CCTV (Closed-circuit television) images for recording, and combined with cross-section measurement data, real-time river flow discharge estimation can be achieved. The sediment observation part includes the observation of river suspended load and river bed load. The river suspended load is installed on the bridge foundation to directly measure the sediment concentration through optical concentration monitoring. The river bed load flux is monitored through microseismic wave instruments to obtain the bottom of the river bed load movement. The bed material load flux measure migration produces a large number of microseismic and collision frequencies, and the river bed load flux is estimated through frequency intensity spectrum analysis. Finally, based on the observation time of each monitoring instrument and cloud database records and back-end analysis and calculation, the hydrological observation web page integration and real-time water level, flow and sediment content integrated display and value-added applications such as embankment safety and bridge scour safety settings were carried out.