Sanskrit Language and its Impact on Ayurveda Literature

Sanskrit, recognized as the language of classical Indian knowledge systems, holds immense significance in Ayurveda. Ayurvedic texts such as Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridayam are composed in Sanskrit, reflecting precise terminology and rich linguistic depth. Ayurveda, a traditional system of medicine originating in ancient India, extensively utilizes Sanskrit for documentation and dissemination of its core knowledge. Sanskrit provides a precise linguistic medium to communicate complex medical and philosophical principles inherent in Ayurvedic science. Although Ayurveda has gained global acceptance, limited research systematically investigates the role of Sanskrit in the accuracy, preservation, and modern clinical application of Ayurvedic teachings. This review aims to address this gap by critically evaluating how Sanskrit impacts Ayurveda's theoretical and practical dimensions. The use of Sanskrit ensures clarity in medical concepts, therapeutic formulations, and diagnostic procedures. Key Ayurvedic concepts such as Prakriti, Vikriti, Agni, Ojas, and Dosha have deep philosophical meanings that are better conveyed through Sanskrit. The language’s structured grammar enables detailed descriptions of herbs, treatments, and preventive healthcare strategies. The precision of Sanskrit terms minimizes ambiguity in the interpretation of medical concepts, ensuring consistency in knowledge transmission. Furthermore, Sanskrit's emphasis on phonetics has facilitated the memorization and oral transmission of extensive Ayurvedic knowledge across generations. Modern Ayurveda scholars emphasize the importance of understanding Sanskrit to accurately interpret classical texts, ensuring the application of authentic knowledge in clinical practice. Integrating Sanskrit study into Ayurvedic education continues to empower practitioners with comprehensive insights into holistic healthcare practices.