From mechanisms to application: Exploring Pickering emulsions stabilized by nanocellulose with eucalyptus oil for enhanced seed germination

This study comprehensively explores Pickering emulsions, their stabilization mechanisms, and the potential of nanocellulose in agricultural applications. Initially, the fundamental principles and mechanisms of Pickering emulsions are reviewed, highlighting their ability to form stable, particle-stabilized emulsions. The focus then shifts to cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), extracted from sugarcane bagasse, as stabilizing agents in emulsions containing eucalyptus oil, with the aim of enhancing seed germination in mung beans. CNCs were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confirming their suitability for forming stable emulsions. Results demonstrate that CNC-stabilized Pickering emulsions with eucalyptus oil create a conducive microenvironment for seed germination, offering an eco-friendly and sustainable agricultural innovation. The utilization of sugarcane bagasse-derived CNCs emphasizes the valorization of agricultural waste, aligning with principles of circular economy and sustainability. While the findings are promising, further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which CNC-stabilized emulsions enhance germination, evaluate their broader applicability to other crops, and examine long-term effects on plant growth and development. This work bridges fundamental research on Pickering emulsions and practical applications, showcasing the potential of nanotechnology and agricultural waste valorization in driving sustainable agricultural practices.