Blockchain Technology for IoT Security and Trust: A Comprehensive SLR

After the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT), the way devices interact with each other changed, as it allowed automation and seamless communication in various fields. However, various challenges related to security and trust have emerged, hindering the widespread adoption of the IoT. Blockchain technology is considered the ideal solution to face these challenges because of its immutable and decentralized nature. This paper explores the potential of blockchain technology to address critical security and trust challenges within the rapidly growing IoT ecosystem. Through a systematic literature review, this study examines how blockchain’s decentralized, immutable, and transparent features contribute to enhancing security and trust in IoT networks. Key findings indicate that blockchain integration can prevent data manipulation, ensure robust identity management, and facilitate transparent, verifiable transactions, supporting both security and trust in IoT systems. These attributes not only improve IoT security but also promote sustainable practices by optimizing resource efficiency, reducing environmental impact, and enhancing resilience in systems like supply chain management and smart grids. Additionally, this study identifies open research challenges and suggests future directions for optimizing blockchain in IoT environments, focusing on scalability, energy-efficient consensus mechanisms, and efficient data processing.