Identification of hub genes and biological mechanisms associated with periodontitis and diabetes

Abstract Background Periodontitis is independent associated with s diabetes (DM). However, the molecular mechanisms of complex interactions between DM and periodontitis are still unclear. This study was aim to explore the shared genes and common signatures of DM and periodontitis via bioinformatic analysis. Methods The series matrix files of GSE7014 of DM and GSE16134 of periodontitis were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Using R package to normalize the data and the utilizing limma package to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes enrichment analysis of DEGs were performed via the “cluster profiler” package in R software. Protein-protein network was conducted to analyze the potential relationship among the proteins and CytoHubba, a plug-in for Cytoscape software, was used to identify the hub genes. GSE15932 for DM and GSE10334 for periodontitis were selected to be the validation datasets. Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves analysis was performed to obtain the area under the ROC curve. Correlations between hub genes and immune cells via immune infiltration analysis. Results There were 249 common DEGs were identified. LAPTM5, RAC2, LYN were identified as the hub genes, which were all up-regulated, of DM and periodontitis. The area under the curve of the 3 hub genes were all more than 0.7. The activation of B cells, and T cells as well as the phagocytosis could be the central role in the development of the both diseases. Conclusions LAPTM5, RAC2, LYN were defined as the hub genes of DM and periodontitis. The activation of B cells, and T cells as well as the phagocytosis could be the central role in the development of the both disease, which might the potential targets for diagnosis and treatment.