A Pediatric Case Report: Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor or Ganglioglioma?

Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor (DNET) is a benign glioneuronal neoplasm that most frequently affects children and young adults. It can cause chronic seizures that are medically refractory. This tumor’s cortical architecture and absence of a bulk effect or perilesional edema on radiographs are its defining features. The most typical manifestation of seizures is focal seizures with impaired awareness. Three DNET histologic subtypes have been identified. For either complicated or simple DNET types, histological detection of a distinct, particular glioneuronal component in brain tumor samples from individuals with medically refractory, chronic epilepsy serves as a diagnostic characteristic. We present one case of a child diagnosed with DNETs, who arrived at the hospital following seizures. The clinical, radiographic, histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic characteristics characteristics of all three forms of DNETs as well as the differences between DNETs and gangliogliomas will be the main topics of this review.