An analysis of pulmonary function tests in construction workers.

In construction workers, repeated and constant exposure to noxious materials generated at construction sites often increases the risk of respiratory illness. Pulmonary function test (PFT) is an important tool utilized for both diagnosis the cause of unknown or unexplained respiratory symptoms and monitoring prognosis of patients with known respiratory pathology. In the present study, PFT of construction workers was assessed using spirometry. A total of 100 male construction workers (working for >1 year) belonging age group 21 to 60 years were included in the study. Additionally, equal number of age matched healthy individuals without any exposure to construction work was recruited as controls. Indices of pulmonary functions included forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), forced expiratory volume (FEV1), FEV1/FVC and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV). Maximum workers belonged to age group 21 to 40 years. A total of 37 had habit of smoking. Construction workers also suffered from respiratory ailments like cough, dyspnea, sorethroat etc. All indices of PFT were significantly decreased in construction workers compared to controls. Construction workers are at high risk of developing respiratory ailments due to continuous long term exposure to noxious material used in construction. Habit of smoking and consumption of alcohol also adds on to risk of developing respiratory disorders. Spirometry can be recommended as an effective tool for screening of construction workers for respiratory ailments. The present study highlights the importance of regular health camps, use of proper protective wears and initiation of awareness program to prevent respiratory ailments in construction workers.