Antioxidant Activity and GC-MS Analysis of the Essential Oil of Amygdalus Spinosissima Seeds Grown in Balochistan

Background: Amygdalus Spinosissima also known as Prunus Spinosissima belongs to the genus Prunus, its subgenus is Amygdalus. A. Spinosissima is a wild thorny almond found in approximately 600 to 1500 meters above sea level. Due to its medicinal value, it is used as traditional medicine all over the world. Methods: The objective of present work was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of essential oil of A. Spinosissima and other molecules present in the seed oil of this rare species A. Spinosissima through GC-MS. A. Spinosissima oil showed significant antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 09.0± 0.1 ?g/ml while IC50 value for ascorbic acid was 15.0± 0.5 ?g/ml. These results indicate that the antioxidant activity of the oil of A. Spinosissima is lower than that of ascorbic acid. Result: A. Spinosissima oil showed significant antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 09.0± 0.1 ?g/ml while IC50 value for ascorbic acid was 15.0± 0.5 ?g/ml. These results indicate that the antioxidant activity of the oil of A. Spinosissima is lower than that of ascorbic acid. A total of 17 compounds were identified in the essential oil from the seeds of  A. Spinosissima where there were 3-hexanol (RT2.931), 2-pentanol,4-methyl( RT 2.996), Hydroperoxide,1-ethylbutyl(RT5.812),  Hydroperoxide, 1-methylpentyl (RT6.045),  Benzaldehyde(RT6.134), Phenol (RT 6.645), Benzyl alcohol (RT8.021), 3-Ethyl-3-methylheptane (RT8.695), Benzene, 1,3-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)- (RT14.183), 2-Decenal, (E)- (RT14.373), 2,4-Decadienal, (E,E)- (RT15.847), Oleic Acid(RT32.912), Hexadecanamide (RT33.739), 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-,2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester (RT37.662), 9-Octadecenamide, (Z)- (RT38.397), Diisooctyl- phthalate(RT42.179) and Gamma-tocopherol (RT38.397). Conclusion: The GC-MS and antioxidant activity of the A. Spinosissima seed essential oil is comparable with some other essential oils. Based on result, the seed oil may not be considered as potential sources of vegetable oil. Therefore, cannot be used as potential source in soap making industry but could be used in cosmetic industries due to vitamin E existence and antioxidant activity.