A Tokenized Ethereum-Based EV Smart Charging System with Time and Power Flexibility

Abstract With the increasing use of electric vehicles (EVs), the capacity of the electrical grid is being stressed due to high demand of power and probable overloading over the period of charging operations. With the use of blockchain-based smart charging systems, the electrical loads can be managed decentrally while aiding in flexible charging transactions. This paper recommends a tokenized Ethereum-based framework that helps the Charging Point Operators (CPOs) and Charging Stations (CS) in monitoring the charging requests of EV users' while confirming the stability of the grid. With the use of the blockchain platform, trade-offs can be made between charging demand (kWh) and maximum charging duration while allowing dynamic load adjustments on the basis of flexibility and availability. In the charging ecosystem, this framework reduces the number of mediators from six to four by connecting EV owners directly with charging stations. Flexible charging options are integrated within the blockchain platform, attracting investors and optimizing EV load distribution by shifting demand away from peak hours. In this paper the IDE is designed in Redmix IDE, Metamask for the smart contract development and deployment, and testing is done on the Ethereum testnet Sepolia. Simulations indicate that implementing the proposed tokenized smart charging algorithm has boosted EV user adoption by over 50% compared to conventional charging methods.