Janus kinase–signal transducers and activators of transcription cell signaling in Spondyloarthritis: rationale and evidence for JAK inhibition

Purpose of review The Janus kinase–signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK–STAT) signaling proteins represent a group of intracellular kinase molecules that play a central role in the signaling pathways induced by cytokines, chemokines, and certain growth factors associated with systemic and local inflammation of autoimmune diseases including in Spondyloarthritis (SpA). Here, we will discuss (i) the functional significance of the JAK–STAT kinase cascades in the inflammatory-proliferative processes of SpA and its cellular/molecular mechanisms (ii) progress in the development of oral synthetic JAK inhibitors (JAKi) and their therapeutic efficacies in SpA. Recent findings Development JAKi is a fast-moving field in the medical science. Several new-generation JAKi are being identified for psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. It is expected these JAKi likely to have higher potency and less adverse effects. Summary Here, we are providing an updated review on the significance of JAK–STAT signaling proteins in SpA with an emphasis on new-generation of JAK–STAT inhibitors for the treatment of SpA.