Bioremediation of Carbamazepine using Bacteria: A Review

Carbamazepine is one of the pharmaceutical compounds that cause pollution. Bioremediation is chosen as the suitable method for degrading carbamazepine. The bioremediation of carbamazepine is achieved by determining the characteristics of bacteria and the source of bacteria used in the degradation of carbamazepine. Gram-negative bacteria are more favourable compared to gram-positive bacteria. Gram-negative bacteria obtained from sludge samples with various contaminants degraded carbamazepine efficiently at 100 %. pH 7 and temperature at 25 °C are optimal conditions that provide optimum results in degrading carbamazepine. MSS media is the preferred medium for bacteria as it degrades carbamazepine into the source of carbon. These identified gaps in the study provide basic information and shed light on future mechanism and application studies.