Improve geo-routing in mobile multi-step networks using a two-tier cloud

Abstract One of the challenges in the field of sensor networks is how to route and transmit information collected in the nodes of these networks. Since these networks are limited in terms of the amount of available energy, it is not possible to use the proposed methods for other networks in the sensor network. One of the goals of this project is to reduce multi-step communication to send information to the sink by focusing on delay-sensitive data. It also reduced the two types of energy consumption, namely the average energy loss of network nodes and the maximum network energy consumption by providing a solution in network routing, using fixed and mobile sinks. One of the problems of using a fixed sink is the lack of access to blind spots in the network. In such networks, several nodes are usually unable to send data to a fixed sink due to energy depletion. Although the mobile sink method improves energy efficiency and reduces end-to-end delays, the main problem with this method is waiting for a mobile sink to send information. The model presented in this project is the use of fixed and mobile sinks and a mechanism for clustering the network using the BSK-Means algorithm and connecting the cluster using the head to the sink in two levels. In this way, in addition to the segmentation, the network is divided into several zones and in each zone there is a super-node, each header sends its information through the sub-node in its area according to the priority queues. Finally, we will have a large reduction in energy loss, increase network life, reduce end-to-end latency and increase data delivery rate to the sink while maintaining service quality.