Javascript must be enabled to continue!
Constructive trust per risolvere un caso di approfittamento contro coscienza (Fattal v Fattal, 22 aprile 2022)
View through CrossRef
TesiDue fratelli pattuiscono oralmente che il maggiore, unico intestatario di un appartamento, lo avrebbe venduto al minore ad un prezzo prestabilito. Circa vent’anni anni dopo, il fratello maggiore procede all’alienazione nell’errata convinzione che suo fratello minore gli abbia corrisposto quanto concordato. Invece quest’ultimo era perfettamente a conoscenza di possedere indebitamente la proprietà dell’appartamento. Pertanto, seppur in presenza di un void contract per mancanza della forma scritta ad substantiam (imposta dalla section 2 del LPA), la Corte, al fine di porre rimedio alla frode commessa, nomina il fratello minore constructive trustee dell’appartamento a favore di quello maggiore. Allo stesso modo, questa identifica un classico esempio di “presumed resulting trust”: ipotesi che ricorre qualora la proprietà del bene venga trasferita gratuitamente o ad un prezzo vile da un soggetto ad un altro ed in assenza dell’intenzione del primo di donare così che si presume che il trasferente non abbia inteso spogliarsi del suo beneficial interest.
Nel caso in cui la medesima vicenda pendesse innanzi ad un giudice italiano, il trasferimento operato dal fratello maggiore in virtù dell’accordo orale parrebbe integrare i presupposti di un’esecuzione de facto di un contratto nullo per mancanza della forma prescritta dalla legge. Oltre a tale eventualità, un’ulteriore strategia difensiva potrebbe fondarsi sul precetto contenuto all’art. 2037 cod. civ. che impone a colui che abbia ricevuto indebitamente una cosa determinata di restituirla o sulla disciplina di chiusura relativa all’arricchimento senza causa.
The author's view
Two brothers orally agree that the older, sole owner of an apartment, would sell it to the younger at a pre-established price. About twenty years later, the older brother proceeds with the sale in the mistaken belief that his younger brother has paid him what was agreed. Instead, the latter was perfectly aware that he unduly owned the property in the apartment. Therefore, even in the presence of a void contract due to the lack of the ad substantiam written form (imposed by section 2 of the LPA), the Court, in order to repair to the fraud committed, appoints the younger brother constructive trustee of the apartment in favor of the older. Similarly, this identifies a classic example of “presumed resulting trust” a hypothesis that occurs when the ownership of the asset is transferred for free or at a base price from one person to another and in the absence of the former’s intention to donate so that it is presumed that the transferor did not intend to divest himself of his beneficial interest.
In the event that the same question would hang in front of an Italian judge, the transfer made by the older brother by virtue of the oral agreement would appear to integrate the conditions of a de facto execution of a contract that was void due to the lack of the form prescribed by law. In addition to this eventuality, a further defensive strategy could be based on the precept contained in the art. 2037 of the civil code which imposes to a person who has received a certain thing unduly to give it back or on the closing discipline relating to unjust enrichment.
Title: Constructive trust per risolvere un caso di approfittamento contro coscienza (Fattal v Fattal, 22 aprile 2022)
Description:
TesiDue fratelli pattuiscono oralmente che il maggiore, unico intestatario di un appartamento, lo avrebbe venduto al minore ad un prezzo prestabilito.
Circa vent’anni anni dopo, il fratello maggiore procede all’alienazione nell’errata convinzione che suo fratello minore gli abbia corrisposto quanto concordato.
Invece quest’ultimo era perfettamente a conoscenza di possedere indebitamente la proprietà dell’appartamento.
Pertanto, seppur in presenza di un void contract per mancanza della forma scritta ad substantiam (imposta dalla section 2 del LPA), la Corte, al fine di porre rimedio alla frode commessa, nomina il fratello minore constructive trustee dell’appartamento a favore di quello maggiore.
Allo stesso modo, questa identifica un classico esempio di “presumed resulting trust”: ipotesi che ricorre qualora la proprietà del bene venga trasferita gratuitamente o ad un prezzo vile da un soggetto ad un altro ed in assenza dell’intenzione del primo di donare così che si presume che il trasferente non abbia inteso spogliarsi del suo beneficial interest.
Nel caso in cui la medesima vicenda pendesse innanzi ad un giudice italiano, il trasferimento operato dal fratello maggiore in virtù dell’accordo orale parrebbe integrare i presupposti di un’esecuzione de facto di un contratto nullo per mancanza della forma prescritta dalla legge.
Oltre a tale eventualità, un’ulteriore strategia difensiva potrebbe fondarsi sul precetto contenuto all’art.
2037 cod.
civ.
che impone a colui che abbia ricevuto indebitamente una cosa determinata di restituirla o sulla disciplina di chiusura relativa all’arricchimento senza causa.
The author's view
Two brothers orally agree that the older, sole owner of an apartment, would sell it to the younger at a pre-established price.
About twenty years later, the older brother proceeds with the sale in the mistaken belief that his younger brother has paid him what was agreed.
Instead, the latter was perfectly aware that he unduly owned the property in the apartment.
Therefore, even in the presence of a void contract due to the lack of the ad substantiam written form (imposed by section 2 of the LPA), the Court, in order to repair to the fraud committed, appoints the younger brother constructive trustee of the apartment in favor of the older.
Similarly, this identifies a classic example of “presumed resulting trust” a hypothesis that occurs when the ownership of the asset is transferred for free or at a base price from one person to another and in the absence of the former’s intention to donate so that it is presumed that the transferor did not intend to divest himself of his beneficial interest.
In the event that the same question would hang in front of an Italian judge, the transfer made by the older brother by virtue of the oral agreement would appear to integrate the conditions of a de facto execution of a contract that was void due to the lack of the form prescribed by law.
In addition to this eventuality, a further defensive strategy could be based on the precept contained in the art.
2037 of the civil code which imposes to a person who has received a certain thing unduly to give it back or on the closing discipline relating to unjust enrichment.
Related Results
Autonomy on Trial
Autonomy on Trial
Photo by CHUTTERSNAP on Unsplash
Abstract
This paper critically examines how US bioethics and health law conceptualize patient autonomy, contrasting the rights-based, individualist...
Testamento biologico e obiezione di coscienza
Testamento biologico e obiezione di coscienza
Il presente contributo muove dal considerare come i progetti e i disegni di legge che disciplinano le cosiddette “direttive anticipate di volontà”, ne sanciscono il carattere vinco...
Banking system trust, bank trust, and bank loyalty
Banking system trust, bank trust, and bank loyalty
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to test a model of banking system trust as an antecedent of bank trust and bank loyalty. Six determinants of trust and loyalty are included: co...
Measuring trust in supply chain partners' relationships
Measuring trust in supply chain partners' relationships
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a context dependent, multi perspective multilevel trust measurement instrument to measure supply chain members' trust.Design/methodol...
PREVENÇÃO DA TROMBOSE VENOSA PROFUNDA NA GRAVIDEZ PELA ENFERMAGEM NA APS
PREVENÇÃO DA TROMBOSE VENOSA PROFUNDA NA GRAVIDEZ PELA ENFERMAGEM NA APS
PREVENÇÃO DA TROMBOSE VENOSA PROFUNDA NA GRAVIDEZ PELA ENFERMAGEM NA APS
Danilo Hudson Vieira de Souza1
Priscilla Bárbara Campos
Daniel dos Santos Fernandes
RESUMO
A gravidez ...
Trust and Distrust in E-Commerce
Trust and Distrust in E-Commerce
Trust is the key ingredient for sustainable transactions. In the concept of trust, the trustor trusts the trustees. In e-commerce, the trustor is the buyer and the trustees are the...
Mechanistic analysis of the evolution of trust level between owner and PMC contractor based on dynamic Bayesian network
Mechanistic analysis of the evolution of trust level between owner and PMC contractor based on dynamic Bayesian network
Abstract
The PMC project advocates a non-confrontational cooperation model. As an extension of the owner, the PMC contractor manages the project in all aspects and processe...
Effects of sex and appearance on trust and trustworthiness
Effects of sex and appearance on trust and trustworthiness
The ability to trust other individuals, including strangers, is a prerequisite for human cooperation. Economically it is not rational to trust others, as trust can be easily exploi...

