Travelogue and its role in the presentation of the Crimea by German travelers in the XVIII-XIX centuries.

The work is devoted to clarifying the status of travelogue as a special literary genre. The features of German-language travelogues about the Crimea of the XVIII-XIX centuries are considered. The purpose of the work is to clarify the status of travelogue as a special literary genre combining the features of prose, epistolary genre, adventure. The relevance of the work is due both to the increased interest in travelogue as a genre and to the linguoculturological aspect of studying foreign-language travelogues. The methodological basis was the works of E.R. Ponomarev, E.F. Shafranskaya, A. Pasquali, G. Tverdoty. The article clarifies the concept of "travelogue" based on the critical analysis of theoretical sources. The classification of travelogue by genre and purpose of writing is presented. The article describes the history of the appearance of the term "travelogue" and its consolidation in the scientific literature. The practical research was based on the material of a German-language travelogue about the Crimea of the XVIII-XIX centuries, the period of the development of the peninsula of the Russian Empire. Special attention is paid to genre and target types of travelogue.     The choice of the topic is determined, on the one hand, by the little-studied subject, on the other hand, by the increased interest in the representation of Crimea as a tourist and multicultural object in various linguistic cultures.The objectives of our work are to clarify the concept of "travelogue" and its types, as well as thematic analysis of early German-language travelogues about the peninsula. The constant desire of mankind to travel, to explore unexplored or little–explored territories and, as a result, the desire to capture what they saw and tell others about it contributed to the emergence of a new genre - travelogue. In modern science, travelogue is considered from the standpoint of a meta-genre approach and does not have an unambiguous definition. The main purpose of the travelogue is to create an image of the purpose of the trip. This fact determines the structure of the image, which includes objective, subjective and emotional content. The scientific literature notes the heterogeneity of the travelogue, which makes it possible to distinguish it and classify it according to genre features, goals and functions.