Correlational study on the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetic patients

Abstract Background It is widely acknowledged that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) are all chronic metabolic diseases.The objective of this study is to retrospectively probe the association between the 25-hydroxyvitamin D(25-(OH)D) and NAFLD in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods 339 T2DM patients participated in this research and from November 2018 to September 2019 and were divided into simple T2DM group(108 cases) and T2DM with NAFLD group(231 cases) in conformity with abdominal ultrasound diagnosis. The NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) ≥ 0.676 was defined as progressive liver fibrosis.231 T2DM with NAFLD patients were categorized into two subgroups: progressive liver fibrosis subgroup(48 cases) and without progressive liver fibrosis subgroup(183 cases). Results The prevalence of NAFLD by Abdominal ultrasonography was 68%.The results indicated that the levels of 25-(OH)D were significantly lower in T2DM with NAFLD group than that in simple T2DM group(P < 0.01).The levels of 25-(OH)D were significantly lower in progressive liver fibrosis subgroup than that in patients without progressive liver fibrosis and simple T2DM,and 25-(OH)D levels were lower in without progressive liver fibrosis subgroup than that in simple T2DM group(p < 0.01 or p < 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that levels of 25-(OH)D were negative correlation with risk of NAFLD and progressive liver fibrosis(p = 0.011、p = 0.044,respectively). Conclusions we could come to a conclusion that low levels of 25-(OH)D was a risk factor for NAFLD and progressive liver fibrosis in T2DM patients.