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PREVALENCIA E INMUNIDAD AL VIRUS DENGUE Y FACTORES DE RIESGOS EN LATINOAMÉRICA
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Introducción: El dengue es una enfermedad viral, considerada uno de los mayores retos por el creciente problema en la salud pública de representación endémo-epidémico, transmitido por mosquitos del género Aedes aegypti. Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia e inmunidad al virus dengue y los factores de riesgos en Latinoamérica. Métodos: El estudio fue de diseño documental, de tipo descriptivo, nivel explicativo, en el cual se analizaron un total de 20 artículos con información referente a las variables de estudio correspondiente a los últimos 10 años. Utilizando bases de datos como Medline, Scielo, Cochrane Library, Elsevier, Redalyc y Google Académico. Resultados: Los países con más afectación con la prevalencia del virus fueron Brasil y Republica Dominicana, en Estados Unidos se midió el impacto y eficacia de la vacuna de dengue para generar inmunidad en personas de 2 a 16 años, dando los siguientes resultados de 35.000 inoculados hasta el año 3 después de la primera dosis, la protección de la vacuna tuvo una eficacia de un 65%. Conclusiones: El dengue es una enfermedad que afecta de manera crítica al ser humano causada por un virus, transmitido por mosquitos, afecta de 50 a 100 millones de personas y que causa una alta mortalidad anualmente, sobre todo en regiones tropicales y subtropicales del planeta.
Palabras clave: Aedes aegypti, virus del dengue, epidemiologia, incidencia, mortalidad.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Dengue is a viral disease, considered one of the greatest challenges due to the growing public health problem of endemic-epidemic representation, transmitted by mosquitoes of the Aedes aegypti genus. Objective: to describe the prevalence and immunity to the dengue virus and the risk factors in Latin America. Methods: The study was of a documentary design of the type of study is descriptive, explanatory level, a total of 30 articles were analyzed from which information was extracted regarding the study variables corresponding to the last 10 years. Results: The countries most affected by the prevalence of the virus were Brazil and the Dominican Republic. In the United States, the impact and efficacy of the dengue vaccine was measured to generate immunity in people aged 2 to 16 years, giving the following results of 35,000 inoculated up to year 3 after the first dose, the protection of the vaccine was 65% effective. Conclusion: Dengue is a disease that critically affects humans caused by a virus transmitted by mosquitoes, affects 50 to 100 million people and causes about 25.000 deaths annually, especially in tropical and subtropical regions of the planet.
Keywords: Aedes aegypti, dengue virus, epidemiology, incidence, mortality
Universidad Tecnica de Ambato - Carrera de Medicina
Title: PREVALENCIA E INMUNIDAD AL VIRUS DENGUE Y FACTORES DE RIESGOS EN LATINOAMÉRICA
Description:
Introducción: El dengue es una enfermedad viral, considerada uno de los mayores retos por el creciente problema en la salud pública de representación endémo-epidémico, transmitido por mosquitos del género Aedes aegypti.
Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia e inmunidad al virus dengue y los factores de riesgos en Latinoamérica.
Métodos: El estudio fue de diseño documental, de tipo descriptivo, nivel explicativo, en el cual se analizaron un total de 20 artículos con información referente a las variables de estudio correspondiente a los últimos 10 años.
Utilizando bases de datos como Medline, Scielo, Cochrane Library, Elsevier, Redalyc y Google Académico.
Resultados: Los países con más afectación con la prevalencia del virus fueron Brasil y Republica Dominicana, en Estados Unidos se midió el impacto y eficacia de la vacuna de dengue para generar inmunidad en personas de 2 a 16 años, dando los siguientes resultados de 35.
000 inoculados hasta el año 3 después de la primera dosis, la protección de la vacuna tuvo una eficacia de un 65%.
Conclusiones: El dengue es una enfermedad que afecta de manera crítica al ser humano causada por un virus, transmitido por mosquitos, afecta de 50 a 100 millones de personas y que causa una alta mortalidad anualmente, sobre todo en regiones tropicales y subtropicales del planeta.
Palabras clave: Aedes aegypti, virus del dengue, epidemiologia, incidencia, mortalidad.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Dengue is a viral disease, considered one of the greatest challenges due to the growing public health problem of endemic-epidemic representation, transmitted by mosquitoes of the Aedes aegypti genus.
Objective: to describe the prevalence and immunity to the dengue virus and the risk factors in Latin America.
Methods: The study was of a documentary design of the type of study is descriptive, explanatory level, a total of 30 articles were analyzed from which information was extracted regarding the study variables corresponding to the last 10 years.
Results: The countries most affected by the prevalence of the virus were Brazil and the Dominican Republic.
In the United States, the impact and efficacy of the dengue vaccine was measured to generate immunity in people aged 2 to 16 years, giving the following results of 35,000 inoculated up to year 3 after the first dose, the protection of the vaccine was 65% effective.
Conclusion: Dengue is a disease that critically affects humans caused by a virus transmitted by mosquitoes, affects 50 to 100 million people and causes about 25.
000 deaths annually, especially in tropical and subtropical regions of the planet.
Keywords: Aedes aegypti, dengue virus, epidemiology, incidence, mortality
.
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