Noise Mapping, Identification of Hot Spots, and Mitigation Plan for Control of Noise Pollution for Ahmedabad

Abstract Worldwide, urban centres are facing challenges due to road traffic, leading to increased noise pollution that impact residents' quality of life and the environment. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of noise pollution levels in Ahmedabad, India, across different urban zones (residential, commercial, and industrial) and times of day, utilizing QGIS software to generate noise heat maps. The noise level was measured at 133 locations in different areas of the city. The monitoring was performed using a digital sound level meter and a noise map was produced using the recorded equivalent energy noise level values. The mean noise levels were recorded consistently high, with daytime levels averaging 79.88 dB, nighttime levels at 74.76 dB, and late-night levels at 61.47 dB, respectively. Industrial areas recorded the highest noise levels, followed by commercial and residential zones. A comparative analysis with similar studies across India and globally indicates that Ahmedabad’s noise pollution exceeded the levels reported in other major urban centers. The correlation analysis calculated a strong correlation between noise levels in different zones, particularly between residential and industrial areas was observed, suggesting the widespread impact of noise pollution across the city. The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted noise management strategies, including stricter enforcement of noise regulations, urban planning that minimizes noise exposure in residential areas, and the implementation of noise barriers and soundproofing measures in industrial and commercial zones. The study highlights the critical role of spatial analysis tools like QGIS in visualizing noise distribution and informing public policy.