Effects of Exercise-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients After Myocardial Infarction

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of mortality and physical disability worldwide, particularly among the elderly. Despite advancements in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and pharmacotherapy, many MI patients continue to experience health deterioration. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation has shown potential in improving myocardial perfusion, endothelial function, and reducing thrombotic activity, thereby enhancing patient outcomes. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of a supervised exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program on quality of life, heart rate, and blood pressure in patients’ post-myocardial infarction. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 36 participants aged 40 to 60 who experienced an MI within the previous three weeks. Participants were randomly assigned to Group A (exercise program) or Group B (educational interventions). Group A engaged in a 6-week supervised exercise program, including warm-up exercises, aerobic activities, and cool-down sessions. Quality of life was assessed using the CDC HRQOL-14 questionnaire, while heart rate and blood pressure were measured pre- and post-intervention. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25, employing independent and paired sample t-tests. Results: Group A showed significant improvements in HRQOL scores: Module 1 (p=0.04), Module 2 (p=0.04), and Module 3 (p=0.02). Heart rate improved by 12 bpm (p=0.03), and systolic blood pressure reduced by 8.81 mmHg (p=0.01) in Group A compared to Group B. Conclusion: Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation significantly improves quality of life, heart rate, and blood pressure in post-MI patients.