Biofunctional Applications of Chitosan in Dentistry - An Overview

Chitosan, with its unique properties, has garnered the interest of materials scientists worldwide, leading to exploration in bio-dental applications. In dentistry, chitosan has shown a wide range of applications. The creation of effective biomaterials for the prevention and treatment of dental disorders is a challenge for researchers in the present scenario. The natural semi-synthetic polysaccharide-based biomaterial Chitosan is derived from chitin, which is sourced from marine organisms. Due to its peculiar characteristics, chitosan offers benefits in biomedicine and can be utilized in the development of capsules (micro and nanoparticles), powders, scaffolds, films, beads, hydrogels, and bandages. Chitosan gives numerous benefits, inculcating its antimicrobial properties, mucoadhesiveness, and biomimetic mineralization, which contribute to its teeth-hardening effects due to its remineralizing capabilities. Such benefits have directed research and interest toward its dental applications Translation of research to clinical applications is better suited for chitosan due to its multifactorial activities. Therefore, this article provides an overview of chitosan, which mainly covers the basic information of chitosan, with a focus on different techniques of preparation of chitosan-based formulations. It also explores the usage of chitosan in the treatment of various dental disorders.