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Decreased Phenytoin Level During Antineoplastic Therapy: A Case Report

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Summary: We report a case of interaction between anticonvulsant and antineoplastic drugs in one male patient with seizures from brain tumour. The patient was treated with phenytoin (PHT), phenobarbital (PB), and an antineoplastic protocol based on a combination regimen with carmustine (BCNU), vinblastin (VLB), methotrexate (MTX), and radiotherapy. Plasma concentrations of PHT fell from 9.4 to 5.6μg/ml 24 h after VLB administration, and remained low for at least 10 days. During this period, partial seizures occurred. Plasma concentrations of PB were unchanged during the period of observation. It is suggested that impaired absorption of PHT, caused by VLB or MTX or both, is responsible for this interaction.RESUMENSe describe un caso de interacción entre medicaciones anticonvulsivas y antineoplásicas en un enfermo con ataques debidos a un tumor cerebral. El paciente recibía un tratamiento con fenitoina (PHT), fenobarbital (PB) y un protocolo antineoplásico basado en una combinación de carmustina (BCNV), vinblastina (VLB), metrotexate (MTX) y radioterapia. Las concentraciones plasmáticas de PHT bajaron de 9.4 μ.g/ml a 5.6 μl/ml a las 24 horas de la administración de VLB y permanecieron bajas al menos durante 10 días. Durante este periódo se produjeron ataques parciales. Las concentraciones plasmáticas de PB no se modificaron durante este periodo. Se sugiere que una absorción alterada de la PHT causada por la VLB y/o el MTX es responsable de esta interacción.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGBericht über einen Fall einer Interaktion zwischen antikonvulsiver und antineoplastischer Therapie bei einem männlichen Patienten mit Anfällen bei einem Hirntumor. Der Patient wurde mit Phenytoin (PHT). Phenobarbital (PB) und einem antineoplastischen Protokoll behandelt, das in einer Kombination von Carmustin (BCNU), Vinblastin (VLB), Methotrexat (MTX) und Radiotherapie besteht. Die Plasmakonzen‐trationen des PHT Helen 24 Stunden nach VLB Verabfolgung von 9,4 μg/ml auf 5,6 μg/ml und blieben mindestens für 10 Tage niedrig. Während dieser Periode traten Partial‐anfälle auf. Die Plasmakonzentrationen des PB blieben während der Beobachtung unverändert. Es wird vermutet, daß eine beeinträchtigte absorption des PHT, hervorgerufen durch VLB und/oder MTX für diese Interaktion verantwortlich ist.
Title: Decreased Phenytoin Level During Antineoplastic Therapy: A Case Report
Description:
Summary: We report a case of interaction between anticonvulsant and antineoplastic drugs in one male patient with seizures from brain tumour.
The patient was treated with phenytoin (PHT), phenobarbital (PB), and an antineoplastic protocol based on a combination regimen with carmustine (BCNU), vinblastin (VLB), methotrexate (MTX), and radiotherapy.
Plasma concentrations of PHT fell from 9.
4 to 5.
6μg/ml 24 h after VLB administration, and remained low for at least 10 days.
During this period, partial seizures occurred.
Plasma concentrations of PB were unchanged during the period of observation.
It is suggested that impaired absorption of PHT, caused by VLB or MTX or both, is responsible for this interaction.
RESUMENSe describe un caso de interacción entre medicaciones anticonvulsivas y antineoplásicas en un enfermo con ataques debidos a un tumor cerebral.
El paciente recibía un tratamiento con fenitoina (PHT), fenobarbital (PB) y un protocolo antineoplásico basado en una combinación de carmustina (BCNV), vinblastina (VLB), metrotexate (MTX) y radioterapia.
Las concentraciones plasmáticas de PHT bajaron de 9.
4 μ.
g/ml a 5.
6 μl/ml a las 24 horas de la administración de VLB y permanecieron bajas al menos durante 10 días.
Durante este periódo se produjeron ataques parciales.
Las concentraciones plasmáticas de PB no se modificaron durante este periodo.
Se sugiere que una absorción alterada de la PHT causada por la VLB y/o el MTX es responsable de esta interacción.
ZUSAMMENFASSUNGBericht über einen Fall einer Interaktion zwischen antikonvulsiver und antineoplastischer Therapie bei einem männlichen Patienten mit Anfällen bei einem Hirntumor.
Der Patient wurde mit Phenytoin (PHT).
Phenobarbital (PB) und einem antineoplastischen Protokoll behandelt, das in einer Kombination von Carmustin (BCNU), Vinblastin (VLB), Methotrexat (MTX) und Radiotherapie besteht.
Die Plasmakonzen‐trationen des PHT Helen 24 Stunden nach VLB Verabfolgung von 9,4 μg/ml auf 5,6 μg/ml und blieben mindestens für 10 Tage niedrig.
Während dieser Periode traten Partial‐anfälle auf.
Die Plasmakonzentrationen des PB blieben während der Beobachtung unverändert.
Es wird vermutet, daß eine beeinträchtigte absorption des PHT, hervorgerufen durch VLB und/oder MTX für diese Interaktion verantwortlich ist.

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