Investigating the Role of Leptin, Resistin, and Irisin Levels as Prognostic Indicators in Iraqi Lung Cancer Patients

Abstract Purpose Lung cancer is the most lethal malignancy and is often associated with a poor prognosis. However, limited studies have tested leptin, resistin, and irisin as biomarkers in lung cancers. Thus, this study aimed to determine whether irisin, resistin, and leptin could be useful biomarkers for lung cancer diagnosis. Methods The study is designed on 100 lung cancer patients at age rang (40–75) years, these patients divided in to (66) patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and (34) patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). For the purpose of comparison, (66) samples as control group with age range (40–70) years. Each patient and control had five milliliters of blood taken. Then the sera used to estimate the Leptin, Resistin, and Irisin by using ELISA technique. Results The results indicates the mean of Leptin was significant increase in NSCLC and SCLC groups (10.71 ± 0.30 and 10.13 ± 0.51)ng/ml respectively, in contrast to the control group (8.26 ± 0.47) ng/ml. The mean of Irisin significant increase in SCLC group (5.86 ± 0.13) pg/ml and NSCLC group(5.08 ± 0.09)pg/ml in contrast to the control group (4.13 ± 0.09) pg/ml. Resistin had been significant increase in SCLC group (7.25 ± 0.38)ng/ml followed by NSCLC group (6.35 ± 0.13)ng/ml compared with control group (3.96 ± 0.17) ng/ml. Conclusion The higher levels of leptin in NSCLC patients could serve as prognostic marker for NSCLC. The variations in Resistin and Irisin levels across different stages of lung cancer suggest that they might be useful in predicting the prognosis of lung cancer.