The integration of the pre-Qin Confucian concept of righteousness and profit into primary education theory

Abstract: The current moral education component in primary schools faces significant challenges. Many elementary students’ everyday behavior appears excessively self-centered and pragmatic, potentially negatively impacting their future growth and character development. This could further influence the societal atmosphere for decades to come. Therefore, summarizing and reflecting on theories and methods in primary education, altering teaching approaches and enhancing moral education quality are crucial issues. This transformation requires a foundational philosophical theory. Research suggests that drawing from the concept of “righteousness and profit” rooted in pre-Qin Confucianism is a valuable reference. The pre-Qin Confucian perspective on righteousness and profit stands at the core of pre-Qin Confucian thought and has profoundly influenced Chinese history for millennia. Its contemplation on “righteousness” and “profit” continues to have a far-reaching impact in contemporary times. To provide a philosophical basis for primary education theory, the study examines the essence of the pre-Qin Confucian concept of “righteousness and profit.” Additionally, tracing its historical development provides insights. In terms of current educational theories, the review focuses on human-centric educational theories in primary education. Finally, a proposal is made to integrate the pre-Qin Confucian concept of “righteousness and profit” with human-centric theories in primary education, accompanied by corresponding teaching strategies. According to research findings, the concepts of righteousness and profit were completely mutually exclusive in their initial stages. However, during the evolution of several dynasties, the two concepts gradually gained mutually supportive elements. This research aims to improve the moral education level of current primary education and promote the inheritance of excellent traditional Chinese culture through the integration of the pre-Qin Confucian view of righteousness and profit and the people-oriented primary education theory.