Prevalence of CYP2C19 Polymorphism in Bogotá, Colombia: The first report of allele *17 v1

The aim of this protocol is to share useful information to determine the main polymorphisms of CYP2C19. CYP2C19 genotyping was performed on gastric biopsy samples. Polymorphisms *1, *2, and*3 were analyzed by real-time PCR (Roche®), and PCR-RFLP was used to determine the presence of allele *17. Protocol scope: This protocol can be used when someone want to replicate the techniques to analyze CYP2C19 polymorphisms. In addition, the protocol provides information on how to transport, properly preserve gastric biopsies and the steps for DNA extraction from gastric biopsies. About CYP2C19 *2, *3 and *17 polyporphisms: they are a single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in three different regions of CYP2C19 gen that affect the characteristic of its protein and it impacts in the metabolism of some drugs such as protom pumps inhibitors (PPIs). The SNP in allele *2 occurs in exon 5 by a shif of guanine to adenine (G>A). The SNP in allele *3 occurs in exon 4 by a shif of guanine to adenine (G>A). This two SPNs reduce the ability to metabolize PPI. In the case of the SNP of allele *17 it occurs in promoter region by a shif of cytosine to thymine at -3404 and -806 positions (– 3402 C>T y - 806 C>T). The SNP in allele*17 may to recluit many transcription factors and consequently large amounts of CYP2C19 enzyme are produced, giving to the subject the ability to metabolize very quickly the PPIs. ect will be ultrarapid metabolizer. Therefore, the determination of CYP2C19 polymorphisms are so important for precision medicine.