Comparative Efficacy of Botanical Extracts Along with their Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Against House Fly Musca Domestica (Diptera: Muscidae)

The current study was conducted in 2023 at the Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The objective of this research was to determine the efficiency of botanical extracts and their green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles against Musca domestica. Results revealed that at 50% concentration, Azadirachta indica extracts exhibited the highest mortality on larvae (51%), pupae (49%) and adults (53%), respectively, while at same concentration Citrus limon extracts exhibited the highest mortality on larvae (41%), pupae (45%) and adults (44%), respectively. Similarly, at 400ppm, ZnO Nps of A. indica showed 64, 57 and 67% mortality on larvae, pupae, and adults, respectively. While ZnO Nps of C. limon showed mortality on larvae (50%), pupae (54%) and adults (55%), respectively. The findings showed that A. indica extract at 50% concentration was more toxic to M. domestica as compared to C. limon extract. Additionally, A. indica ZnO Nps at 400ppm concentration were highly toxic to M. domestica as compared to C. limon ZnO Nps extract.