Exosomes Containing Antagomir MiR-142-3p can be Proposed as a New Treatment for MS

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of exosomes containing antagomir miR-142-3p for the treatment of MS. In this study, a list of genes related to MS was first prepared and analyzed. Some of these genes were increased and some were decreased in the brains of MS models. Important genes were selected from each table and their expression levels were evaluated by Realtime PCR in the groups 1) miR+Exosome 2) Anti-miR+Exosome 3) Exosome 4) PBS (Sham) and Healthy Control. In this analysis, we found that the expression levels of some genes were increased in the PBS (Sham) group and miR+Exosome. Interestingly, Anti-miR+Exosome exposure significantly decreased the expression of these genes. Also, the expression levels of some genes were decreased in the PBS (Sham) group and miR+Exosome. Interestingly, exposure to Anti-miR+Exosome significantly increased the expression of these genes. Based on previous articles and studies, important genes that are targets of miR-142-3p were identified and listed. It is very important that the presence of miR-142-3p causes a decrease and inhibitory effect on target genes. The inhibitory effect of miR-142-3p in groups 1) miR+Exosome 2) Anti-miR+Exosome 3) Exosome 4) PBS (Sham) and Healthy Control was also evaluated and it was clearly found that the expression level of the genes selected decreased in the PBS (Sham) group and miR+Exosome caused a decrease in the expression of these genes. Interestingly, Anti-miR+Exosome exposure significantly increased the expression of these genes. Exosome exposure alone could not increase the expression of these genes. A list of important cells related to MS was prepared from previous articles and studies. Some of these cells were increased and some were decreased in the brains of MS patients. Cell counts were examined in the following groups: 1) miR+Exosome 2) Anti-miR+Exosome 3) Exosome 4) PBS (Sham) and Healthy Control. The number of cells in the PBS (Sham) group increased and exposure to miR+Exosome increased the number of these cells further. Exposure to Anti-miR+Exosome significantly decreased these cells and exposure to Exosome alone could not reduce the number of these cells. Conversely, the number of cells in the PBS (Sham) group decreased and exposure to miR+Exosome caused a further decrease in the number of these cells. Anti-miR+Exosome exposure significantly increased these cells, and Exosome exposure alone failed to increase the number of these cells.