Influence of Growing Technology on Quality Indicators of Lettuce Cultivated in a Nutrient Film Technique System

In recent years, the global demand for safe, nutrient-rich, and sustainably grown vegetables has accelerated the adoption of soilless cultivation methods such as hydroponics. This research comprehensively investigates the critical influence of varietal selection on key quality characteristics of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivated within a precisely controlled Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) hydroponic system. Three commercially significant lettuce varieties—Lugano (V1), Aleppo (V2), and Carmesi (V3)-were rigorously evaluated for dynamic growth (leaf number evolution) and essential biochemical quality parameters (nitrate content, carbohydrate content, chlorophyll levels) over a standardized 30-day growth cycle. Leaf counts were meticulously tracked at 5-day intervals, while definitive biochemical analyses were conducted at harvest maturity. Results revealed profound and statistically significant varietal differences: Lugano demonstrated superior final leaf count (21.30) and chlorophyll content, indicative of high yield potential and photosynthetic efficiency; Aleppo exhibited marked early vigor and significantly higher carbohydrate content, suggesting enhanced palatability; Carmesi consistently accumulated the lowest nitrate levels, addressing paramount consumer safety concerns. These findings underscore the pivotal role of strategic variety selection in optimizing lettuce production within NFT systems, directly impacting yield, nutritional profile, marketability, and food safety. The study provides actionable insights for hydroponic growers aiming to tailor production to specific market demands.