Field Assessment of Oryzophagus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Preference and Performance on Selected Rice Cultivars

Abstract Plant resistance is a key strategy for the management of Oryzophagus oryzae (Costa Lima) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), an important pest in South American rice paddies. The present study investigated the resistance of rice cultivars in terms of feeding and oviposition preference, growth, development, and biological performance of O. oryzae under natural conditions of field infestation during two consecutive rice seasons. There were no effects of the six cultivars on the feeding and oviposition preferences of O. oryzae as evaluated 5, 8, and 11 d After Flooding (DAF) of the plots, indicating the absence of antixenosis. Cultivars did not differ in terms of egg viability and larval density of first instars on the roots at 15 DAF. Significant differences were found 25 and 35 DAF when larval density per sample was high on ‘BRS Pampa CL’ (up to 24.5), intermediate on ‘BRS Querência’ and ‘BRS Ligeirinho’ (up to 16.1), and low on ‘BRS Atalanta’, ‘BRS Firmeza’, and ‘Dawn’ (up to 8.8). The cultivars ‘BRS Atalanta’, ‘BRS Firmeza’, and ‘Dawn’ caused malnutrition and inhibition of larval growth. These effects, typical of antibiosis, resulted in delayed pupation and emergence of adults; in addition, emerged females had body weight decreased strongly. The cultivars BRS Pampa CL, BRS Querência, and BRS Ligeirinho are susceptible, resulting in high larval populations and more suitable development of O. oryzae; antibiosis, as indicated for ‘BRS Atalanta’, ‘BRS Firmeza’, and ‘Dawn’, probably is the key mechanism of rice resistance to O. oryzae.