Community-based art education in the Arctic

In this exposition, I discuss encounters of culture that occurred in art-based action research (ABAR) with Sámi reindeer herder families in the Finnish regions of Sápmi (the Sámi homeland). Five Sámi reindeer herder families joined an ABAR -project to enhance and stabilise the Sámi reindeer herders' position in the majority society. The research project relates to the Department of Art Education's development of art-based action research, the theory of community-based art education and the concept of 'new genre Arctic art' at the University of Lapland in Rovaniemi, Finland. It is a long-term research project that emphasises participatory and co-research methods. As a researcher, I am in an insider-outsider position, as I live in the same region and share my daily life with a reindeer herder. We started the action by exploring the daily life of the reindeer herders through the Photovoice method. We gathered their photographs in an exhibition called Boazoeallin, a Davvi Sámi (Northern Sámi) word for Reindeer Life. The exhibition inspired the families to continue their visually informative work, and we designed the photographs in a book, also called Boazoeallin. The art-based collaboration with reindeer herders and the Boazoeallin exhibition and book contribute to the 'new genre Arctic art' that embraces participatory contemporary art, emphasising crucial matters of the multicultural Arctic. The Sámi people's history and culture form a destined constitution and obligation for ethical research conducted in Sápmi. The reindeer herders are unfamiliar with contemporary art, which challenged and changed the art education activities. The exposition reflects the challenges for an ethical, participatory, and democratic research approach in ABAR. In the research action, I have sought to frame the terms for which community-based art education best can serve communities of Indigenous cultures, the multicultural northern community, the Arctic, and global interests. keywords: Art-based action research, community-based art education, Sámi Indigenous people, Indigenous knowledge, participatory research, new genre Arctic art, co-research