Опыт создания и содержание почвенно-экологической карты Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа

The soil ecologic map of Yamal-Nenets autonomic district reflects the state of the soil cover of the territory of this subject of Russian Federation. The map is created with application of GIS technologies and remote sensing methods. The new information and application of the remote sensing methods allowed us to increase significantly the number of soil contours, verify their borders, manifest the areas of lands, which were disturbed during the hydrocarbon crude mining. We marked the soil contours on the map. These contours show the dominating and accompanying soil types, the structure of the soil cover as soil sequences and complexes. Some layers present the information about the parent rocks and topography conditions for the marked contours. As a separate layer we showed the soil geographic regions, which differ in the composition of the soil cover. The specificities of the regional soil cover is accurately reflected on the soil-ecological map of the district. More than 4000 separations are marked, which show the combinations of soils: sequences, complexes, homogenous areas. The map contains the 4 layers of information about the separations besides the characteristics of the soil cover: texture, topography characteristics, contour area, the relation to soil-geographic region. The territory is divided on 50 soil-geographic regions, which differ by the specificities of the soil cover. The most attention was paid to the lands, which were disturbed by the human activity. Along with the areas of the soil distribution, the separate contours mark the land areas of towns, and those which were disturbed by the mining of oil and gas. The map shows the distribution of the soil cover, and the character of the surface deposits. It answers the questions occurring during its study, environmental protection and agricultural lands cultivation, including the distribution of infrastructure objects and the problems of distant-pasture deer farming.