Kajian Adult Attachment pada Long Distance Relationship

Abstract. Long Distance Relationships (LDRs) have become increasingly common among individuals in the emerging adulthood stage due to educational demands, occupational commitments, and geographical separation. Physical distance presents significant challenges for couples in maintaining emotional closeness, effective communication, trust, and relationship satisfaction. Individual differences in coping with these challenges are influenced, in part, by adult attachment, a pattern of attachment that develops early in life and continues to shape romantic relationships in adulthood. This study aims to examine the role of adult attachment in explaining the dynamics of long-distance romantic relationships through a literature review approach. The study employed a narrative literature review by examining books as well as national and international scholarly articles related to adult attachment and Long Distance Relationships. The findings indicate that secure attachment contributes to more open communication, higher levels of trust, and greater ability to maintain relationships adaptively. In contrast, anxious attachment and avoidant attachment are associated with greater relationship uncertainty, difficulties in establishing emotional intimacy, and lower relationship satisfaction. Overall, the review highlights that adult attachment theory provides an important conceptual framework for understanding the psychological dynamics experienced by individuals involved in long-distance romantic relationships. Abstrak. Long Distance Relationship (LDR) merupakan bentuk hubungan romantis yang semakin banyak dijalani oleh individu pada masa emerging adulthood akibat tuntutan pendidikan, pekerjaan, maupun faktor geografis. Keterpisahan secara fisik menyebabkan pasangan menghadapi tantangan dalam mempertahankan kedekatan emosional, komunikasi, kepercayaan, serta kepuasan hubungan. Perbedaan kemampuan individu dalam menghadapi tantangan tersebut salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh adult attachment, yaitu pola kelekatan yang berkembang sejak masa awal kehidupan dan berlanjut hingga hubungan romantis pada masa dewasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran adult attachment dalam menjelaskan dinamika hubungan romantis jarak jauh melalui pendekatan studi literatur. Metode yang digunakan adalah narrative literature review dengan menelaah berbagai buku serta artikel ilmiah nasional dan internasional yang membahas adult attachment dan Long Distance Relationship. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa secure attachment berkontribusi terhadap komunikasi yang lebih terbuka, tingkat kepercayaan yang lebih tinggi, dan kemampuan mempertahankan hubungan secara adaptif. Sebaliknya, anxious attachment dan avoidant attachment berkaitan dengan meningkatnya ketidakpastian hubungan, kesulitan membangun kedekatan emosional, serta rendahnya kepuasan hubungan. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa teori adult attachment menjadi kerangka konseptual yang penting dalam memahami dinamika psikologis individu yang menjalani hubungan romantis jarak jauh.