Applicability of Gravity Separation Method on the Ashashire Gold Ore Deposit from Benishangul Gumuz Region, Western Ethiopia

Abstract The study was conducted to determine the applicability of gravity separation method on the Ashashire gold ore deposit Benishangul gumuz region, western Ethiopia. The Ashashire composite were produced to provide sufficient mass for this study and experiment includes sample preparation, mineralogical analysis of gold and associated element, gravity concentration, and data interpretation and analyzing. During the study, a grind optimization was conducted on the composites sample with varying grind size to evaluate the effect of grind size on gold recovery. The ore was moderately ground to the standard grind size of 80% - passing 106µm, 75µm, 53µm and this nominal size was selected for the preliminary assessment for concentration optimization for this deposit. The gravity testing comprised three-stage concentration using knelson concentrator. High recovery of gold from the gravity concentrates was achieved from the second gravity concentration. Based on the laboratory experimental result analysis, a grind size of P80 75µm is selected as optimal size for the Ashashire gold deposit. Increasing the grind size from P80 of 75µm to106µm decrease recovery rate from 75 % to 54 % or decreasing the grind size from P80 of 75µm to 53µm decrease gold recovery rate to 37%. The native gold grain in the ores is mostly associated with quartz and fine gold is closely associated with pyrite. According to analysis of the fire assay, chemical, and mineralogical data, only gold and telluride is commercially valuable elements in the ores. Predominantly gold was occurs in the native form of Au-Te. The sample subjected to gravity separation assayed about 2.6 g/t Au.