Hazop Study on Oil Refinery Waste Water Treatment Plant in Karachi

The disposal of Refinery wastewater has various hazards before and after treatment which needs to be properly analyzed by using different risk assessment tools. The main purpose of this work is to study the oily waste water from one of the biggest Refinery located in Karachi, Pakistan by applying Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) on it in hypothetical scenario. HAZOP is one of the best tools used in various oil Refineries globally based on guide words for all hazardous conditions with strong recommendation. For authentic HAZOP study whole process design was done on the basis of Process flow diagram (PFD), Piping and Instrumentation diagram (PID) and standard guide words. In this case study about (14) deviations were documented with (37) causes and (26) consequences. However for safer system design, the group analyze propose about 21 actions whereas most of them about (60%) will need to install new devices. This indicate that the HAZOP studies act as an efficient tool for enabling reasoning to reveal potential hazards in safety critical operations.