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Macroeconomic Perspective on the Growth of Corporate Sharia Bonds (Sukuk) in Indonesia

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ABSTRACT            This study aimed to examine macroeconomic factors such as economic growth, inflation, money supply, unemployment rate, and world oil prices as moderating variables on the growth of corporate Islamic bonds (sukuk) in Indonesia. The method of analysis in this research was quantitative causality with an analytical approach. The analysis technique used was a moderation regression model. The sample in this study was the growth of corporate Islamic bonds (sukuk) for the last ten years, from 2013 to 2022, in monthly data. The results showed that the growth of Sukuk was partially affected by the variables of inflation, money supply, and unemployment. However, the GDP variable does not affect the growth of Sukuk. The moderating variable of world oil prices can moderate the variables of GDP, money supply, and unemployment rate on the growth of Sukuk, but does not moderate the variable of inflation on the growth of Sukuk. The results of this study can be used as an academic reference and information for issuers and potential investors in making investment decisions from macroeconomic factors that have been studied such as inflation, money supply, unemployment rate, and world oil prices. Keywords: Gross Domestic Product, Macroeconomics, Unemployment Rate, Corporate Sukuk   ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor makroekonomi seperti pertumbuhan ekonomi, inflasi, uang beredar, tingkat pengangguran, dan harga minyak dunia sebagai variabel moderasi pada pertumbuhan obligasi syariah (sukuk) korporasi di Indonesia. Metode analisis pada penelitian ini ialah kuantitatif kausalitas dengan pendekatan analitik. Teknik analisis yang dipakai menggunakan model regresi moderasi. Sampel penelitian ini ialah pertumbuhan obligasi syariah (sukuk) korporasi sepuluh tahun terakhir, dari tahun 2013 sampai dengan 2022 dalam data bulanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan secara parsial variabel inflasi, uang beredar, dan tingkat pengangguran mempengaruhi pertumbuhan sukuk, namun berbeda dengan variabel GDP tidak mempengaruhi pertumbuhan sukuk. Variabel moderasi harga minyak dunia mampu memoderasi variabel GDP, uang beredar, dan tingkat pengangguran pada pertumbuhan sukuk, namun tidak memoderasi variabel inflasi pada pertumbuhan sukuk. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dipakai sebagai refrensi akdemisi, dan informasi bagi perusahaan penerbit serta para calon investor dalam menentukan keputusan investasi dari faktor makroekonomi yang telah diteliti seperti inflasi, uang beredar, tingkat pengangguran, dan harga minyak dunia. Kata kunci: Gross Domestic Product, Makro Ekonomi, Tingkat Pengangguran, Sukuk Korporasi   REFERENCES Abdalloh, I. (2019). Pasar modal syariah. Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo. Ahmed, H., Hassan, M. K., & Rayfield, B. (2018). When and why firms issue sukuk? Managerial Finance, 44(6), 774–786. doi:10.1108/MF-06-2017-0207 Ardiansyah, I. H., & Lubis, D. (2017). Pengaruh variabel makroekonomi terhadap pertumbuhan sukuk korporasi di Indonesia. Al-Muzara’ah, 5(1), 51–68. doi:10.29244/jam.5.1.51-68 Bendickson, J., Muldoon, J., Liguori, E., & Davis, P. E. (2016). Agency theory: The times, they are a-changin’. Management Decision, 54(1), 174–193. doi:10.1108/MD-02-2015-0058 Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). Agency theory: An assessment and review. The Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 57–74. doi:10.2307/258191 Fahmi, I. (2015). Manajemen investasi edisi 2. Jakarta: Salemba Empat. Ghozali, I. (2013). Analisis multivariate lanjutan dengan program IBM SPSS 21. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro. Halim, Z.A, How, J., & Verhoeven, P. (2017). Agency costs and corporate sukuk issuance. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 42, 83–95. doi:10.1016/j.pacfin.2016.05.014 Klein, P.-O., & Weill, L. (2016). Why do companies issue sukuk? Review of Financial Economics, 31(1), 26–33. doi:10.1016/j.rfe.2016.05.003 Masitoh, E., & Fajri, R. N. (2020). Pengaruh variabel makroekonomi terhadap pertumbuhan sukuk korporasi di Indonesia. FINANSIA: Jurnal Akuntansi dan Perbankan Syariah, 3(1), 75–84. doi:10.32332/finansia.v3i1.1831 Mohamed, H. H., Masih, M., & Bacha, O. I. (2015). Why do issuers issue Sukuk or conventional bond? Evidence from Malaysian listed firms using partial adjustment models. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 34, 233–252. doi:10.1016/j.pacfin.2015.02.004 Mulyadi, S., Apriliza, I., & Suryanto, A. (2022). Kontribusi variabel makroekonomi terhadap sukuk perusahaan di Indonesia periode 2011-2021. Jurnal Ekonomika dan Bisnis Islam, 5(3), 15–28. doi:10.26740/jekobi.v5n3.p15-28 Munir, A., & Rosyidah, N. (2021). Pengaruh variabel makroekonomi terhadap pertumbuhan sukuk korporasi di Indonesia tahun 2016-2020. Proceeding of International Conference on Education Management and Sharia Economics, 2(1), 486–494. Sidoarjo: 13 Desember 2021 Nagano, M. (2017). Sukuk issuance and information asymmetry: Why do firms issue sukuk? Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 42, 142–157. doi:10.1016/j.pacfin.2016.12.005 Nasrifah, M. (2019). Sukuk (obligasi Syariah) dalam perspektif keuangan Islam. Asy-Syari’ah: Jurnal Hukum Islam, 5(2), 165–179. doi:10.55210/assyariah.v5i2.120 Pramidiyanti, H., & Indrawati, L. R. (2019). Pengaruh variabel makroekonomi terhadap pertumbuhan Sukuk korporasi di Indonesia tahun 2002-2018. DINAMIC: Directory Journal of Economic, 1(4), 418–432. doi:10.31002/dinamic.v1i4.804 Sholiha, I., & Hanifah, N. (2021). Eksistensi obligasi Syariah (Sukuk) korporasi di Indonesia pada masa pandemi. Istidlal: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Hukum Islam, 5(2), 143–151. doi: 10.35316/istidlal.v5i2.346 Suganda, T. R. (2018). Teori dan pembahasan reaksi pasar modal Indonesia. Malang: Seribu Bintang. Sugiyono. (2017). Metode penelitian pendidikan pendekatan kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta. Ulum, I. (2017). Intellectual capital: Model pengukuran, framework pengungkapan& kinerja organisasi. Malang: UMMPress. Wahyudi, M. A., & Shofawati, A. (2019). Pengaruh faktor makroekonomi terhadap total nilai emisi sukuk korporasi di Indonesia (periode Januari 2013-Desember 2017). Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan, 6(3), 461–476. doi:10.20473/vol6iss20193pp461-476 Zusryn, A. S., Al Hashfi, R. U., & Nasution, A. H. (2019). Pengaruh sistem perbankan, makroekonomi, dinamika pasar keuangan terhadap perkembangan sukuk korporasi. JEBA (Journal of Economics and Business Aseanomics), 4(2), 109–125. doi:10.33476/j.e.b.a.v4i2.1244    
Title: Macroeconomic Perspective on the Growth of Corporate Sharia Bonds (Sukuk) in Indonesia
Description:
ABSTRACT            This study aimed to examine macroeconomic factors such as economic growth, inflation, money supply, unemployment rate, and world oil prices as moderating variables on the growth of corporate Islamic bonds (sukuk) in Indonesia.
The method of analysis in this research was quantitative causality with an analytical approach.
The analysis technique used was a moderation regression model.
The sample in this study was the growth of corporate Islamic bonds (sukuk) for the last ten years, from 2013 to 2022, in monthly data.
The results showed that the growth of Sukuk was partially affected by the variables of inflation, money supply, and unemployment.
However, the GDP variable does not affect the growth of Sukuk.
The moderating variable of world oil prices can moderate the variables of GDP, money supply, and unemployment rate on the growth of Sukuk, but does not moderate the variable of inflation on the growth of Sukuk.
The results of this study can be used as an academic reference and information for issuers and potential investors in making investment decisions from macroeconomic factors that have been studied such as inflation, money supply, unemployment rate, and world oil prices.
Keywords: Gross Domestic Product, Macroeconomics, Unemployment Rate, Corporate Sukuk   ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor makroekonomi seperti pertumbuhan ekonomi, inflasi, uang beredar, tingkat pengangguran, dan harga minyak dunia sebagai variabel moderasi pada pertumbuhan obligasi syariah (sukuk) korporasi di Indonesia.
Metode analisis pada penelitian ini ialah kuantitatif kausalitas dengan pendekatan analitik.
Teknik analisis yang dipakai menggunakan model regresi moderasi.
Sampel penelitian ini ialah pertumbuhan obligasi syariah (sukuk) korporasi sepuluh tahun terakhir, dari tahun 2013 sampai dengan 2022 dalam data bulanan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan secara parsial variabel inflasi, uang beredar, dan tingkat pengangguran mempengaruhi pertumbuhan sukuk, namun berbeda dengan variabel GDP tidak mempengaruhi pertumbuhan sukuk.
Variabel moderasi harga minyak dunia mampu memoderasi variabel GDP, uang beredar, dan tingkat pengangguran pada pertumbuhan sukuk, namun tidak memoderasi variabel inflasi pada pertumbuhan sukuk.
Hasil penelitian ini dapat dipakai sebagai refrensi akdemisi, dan informasi bagi perusahaan penerbit serta para calon investor dalam menentukan keputusan investasi dari faktor makroekonomi yang telah diteliti seperti inflasi, uang beredar, tingkat pengangguran, dan harga minyak dunia.
Kata kunci: Gross Domestic Product, Makro Ekonomi, Tingkat Pengangguran, Sukuk Korporasi   REFERENCES Abdalloh, I.
(2019).
Pasar modal syariah.
Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo.
Ahmed, H.
, Hassan, M.
K.
, & Rayfield, B.
(2018).
When and why firms issue sukuk? Managerial Finance, 44(6), 774–786.
doi:10.
1108/MF-06-2017-0207 Ardiansyah, I.
H.
, & Lubis, D.
(2017).
Pengaruh variabel makroekonomi terhadap pertumbuhan sukuk korporasi di Indonesia.
Al-Muzara’ah, 5(1), 51–68.
doi:10.
29244/jam.
5.
1.
51-68 Bendickson, J.
, Muldoon, J.
, Liguori, E.
, & Davis, P.
E.
(2016).
Agency theory: The times, they are a-changin’.
Management Decision, 54(1), 174–193.
doi:10.
1108/MD-02-2015-0058 Eisenhardt, K.
M.
(1989).
Agency theory: An assessment and review.
The Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 57–74.
doi:10.
2307/258191 Fahmi, I.
(2015).
Manajemen investasi edisi 2.
Jakarta: Salemba Empat.
Ghozali, I.
(2013).
Analisis multivariate lanjutan dengan program IBM SPSS 21.
Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Halim, Z.
A, How, J.
, & Verhoeven, P.
(2017).
Agency costs and corporate sukuk issuance.
Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 42, 83–95.
doi:10.
1016/j.
pacfin.
2016.
05.
014 Klein, P.
-O.
, & Weill, L.
(2016).
Why do companies issue sukuk? Review of Financial Economics, 31(1), 26–33.
doi:10.
1016/j.
rfe.
2016.
05.
003 Masitoh, E.
, & Fajri, R.
N.
(2020).
Pengaruh variabel makroekonomi terhadap pertumbuhan sukuk korporasi di Indonesia.
FINANSIA: Jurnal Akuntansi dan Perbankan Syariah, 3(1), 75–84.
doi:10.
32332/finansia.
v3i1.
1831 Mohamed, H.
H.
, Masih, M.
, & Bacha, O.
I.
(2015).
Why do issuers issue Sukuk or conventional bond? Evidence from Malaysian listed firms using partial adjustment models.
Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 34, 233–252.
doi:10.
1016/j.
pacfin.
2015.
02.
004 Mulyadi, S.
, Apriliza, I.
, & Suryanto, A.
(2022).
Kontribusi variabel makroekonomi terhadap sukuk perusahaan di Indonesia periode 2011-2021.
Jurnal Ekonomika dan Bisnis Islam, 5(3), 15–28.
doi:10.
26740/jekobi.
v5n3.
p15-28 Munir, A.
, & Rosyidah, N.
(2021).
Pengaruh variabel makroekonomi terhadap pertumbuhan sukuk korporasi di Indonesia tahun 2016-2020.
Proceeding of International Conference on Education Management and Sharia Economics, 2(1), 486–494.
Sidoarjo: 13 Desember 2021 Nagano, M.
(2017).
Sukuk issuance and information asymmetry: Why do firms issue sukuk? Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 42, 142–157.
doi:10.
1016/j.
pacfin.
2016.
12.
005 Nasrifah, M.
(2019).
Sukuk (obligasi Syariah) dalam perspektif keuangan Islam.
Asy-Syari’ah: Jurnal Hukum Islam, 5(2), 165–179.
doi:10.
55210/assyariah.
v5i2.
120 Pramidiyanti, H.
, & Indrawati, L.
R.
(2019).
Pengaruh variabel makroekonomi terhadap pertumbuhan Sukuk korporasi di Indonesia tahun 2002-2018.
DINAMIC: Directory Journal of Economic, 1(4), 418–432.
doi:10.
31002/dinamic.
v1i4.
804 Sholiha, I.
, & Hanifah, N.
(2021).
Eksistensi obligasi Syariah (Sukuk) korporasi di Indonesia pada masa pandemi.
Istidlal: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Hukum Islam, 5(2), 143–151.
doi: 10.
35316/istidlal.
v5i2.
346 Suganda, T.
R.
(2018).
Teori dan pembahasan reaksi pasar modal Indonesia.
Malang: Seribu Bintang.
Sugiyono.
(2017).
Metode penelitian pendidikan pendekatan kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R&D.
Bandung: Alfabeta.
Ulum, I.
(2017).
Intellectual capital: Model pengukuran, framework pengungkapan& kinerja organisasi.
Malang: UMMPress.
Wahyudi, M.
A.
, & Shofawati, A.
(2019).
Pengaruh faktor makroekonomi terhadap total nilai emisi sukuk korporasi di Indonesia (periode Januari 2013-Desember 2017).
Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan, 6(3), 461–476.
doi:10.
20473/vol6iss20193pp461-476 Zusryn, A.
S.
, Al Hashfi, R.
U.
, & Nasution, A.
H.
(2019).
Pengaruh sistem perbankan, makroekonomi, dinamika pasar keuangan terhadap perkembangan sukuk korporasi.
JEBA (Journal of Economics and Business Aseanomics), 4(2), 109–125.
doi:10.
33476/j.
e.
b.
a.
v4i2.
1244    .

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