Fetal Parvovirus B19 Infection and Meconium Peritonitis

A 33-year-old primigravida at 26 weeks gestation presented with fetal hydrops and fetal anemia following prior parvovirus B19 infection. The fetus required two intrauterine transfusions of packed red cells. At 35 weeks gestation, a cesarean section was performed for obstetric reasons. As a consequence of a prenatal bowel perforation, the neonate developed meconium peritonitis, for which she needed laparotomy. This case demonstrates that there may be an association between intrauterine parvovirus infection and meconium peritonitis, the latter possibly caused by vascular injury in fetal life.