Mapping the traditional diet and foodways of the Kabi Kabi Peoples (a first nations tribe of Australia): a scoping review

Abstract Objective: This scoping review aimed to explore and synthesise the literature on the traditional foods and foodways of the Kabi Kabi Peoples and highlight current gaps in the literature. Design: This review adhered to the Joanna Briggs Institute Methodology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Academic and grey literature were systematically searched. Data were compiled in Excel, food terms were standardised and frequency of mention was assessed to guide selection for nutritional analysis and cultural mapping. Nutritional analysis and cultural mapping were undertaken for frequently mentioned foods, and a deductive thematic analysis was carried out using predefined themes. Setting: The traditional lands of the Kabi Kabi Peoples of South East Queensland, Australia. Participants: Eligible sources included academic and grey literature discussing the traditional diet or foodways of the Kabi Kabi Peoples. Results: Of 810 initial sources identified, forty-three met inclusion criteria. In total, 270 standardised food terms were identified. Thematic analysis revealed a complex food system, shaped by seasonality, environmental knowledge, cultural significance, taste and gender roles. Analysis of the frequently mentioned foods illustrates a diverse, nutrient-rich diet and cultural maps highlight the widespread distribution of foods still present across Kabi Kabi Country. Conclusion: This review illustrates an environmentally attuned, resilient, sustainable and sophisticated food systems that challenges colonial portrayals and supports cultural revitalisation. Moreover, it highlights the contemporary relevance of traditional foods in maintaining health and well-being.