Eye movements and visual perception in dyslexic children

Background Many research has demonstrated that reading problems, such as dyslexia, can coexist with visual abnormalities. While remediation for phonological impairments in dyslexics is widely acknowledged and practiced, the potential impact of visual deficits, particularly on eye movements and visual perception, is rarely explored. Objective This study looks at the performance of eye movements and visual perception abilities in dyslexic children. Methods A sample of 20 dyslexic children compared to 20 non-dyslexic age-matched children (aged 7–11). Both groups of the study underwent a video-nystagmography test and visual perception test. Results Our study revealed a statistically significant difference between dyslexic and non-dyslexic children in saccade and pursuit tracking tests. There was a statistically significant difference between case and control regarding the visual perception test. Among subgroups of dyslexic children with abnormal eye movements, they displayed visual perception weakness mainly in visual sequencing and discrimination tasks in comparison to dyslexic children with normal eye movements. Conclusion The poor oculomotor function affected dyslexic children in their proper control and leads to sluggish visual attention and poor visual perception. According to the major findings of this study, a routine eye examination should be part of the examination of any child with a learning disability.