The importance of waste management: Some observations on Albania

Purpose: We inhabit an epoch confronted by formidable challenges that imperil our collective well-being. The reliance of economies on fossil fuels, coupled with widespread deforestation, has exacerbated the greenhouse effect, resulting in the degradation of numerous ecosystems and the alteration of the global climate. Concurrently, there is a fervent pursuit of non-renewable resources, heralding a pivotal contest among major producers. The proliferation of production and consumption has engendered a staggering volume of waste, whose mismanagement risks precipitating extreme levels of pollution across land, water, and the atmosphere. These pressing concerns underscore the imperative for a transition from a linear to a circular economic model. The purpose of this article is to elucidate these challenges and conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis between the Waste Management Systems of Albania and those of Europe. Methodology: A qualitative research study was undertaken to analyse pertinent data, reports, and legislation. The paper draws upon secondary data sourced from various entities, including the World Bank, Eurostat, INSTAT Albania, EU legislation, and reports. Findings: The findings suggest that the primary waste management strategy in Albania involves landfilling, which is considered the least effective method for waste treatment and utilization. While Albania endeavors to align with the guidelines provided by the European Union, it still lacks a waste management system capable of meeting the established objectives. Value: By delineating the challenges faced by Albania and juxtaposing them with those encountered by EU member states, this paper initiates a broader discourse on innovative strategies, emerging technologies, and cultural influences necessary to attain an effective waste management model. Key words: waste management, circular economy, environment, Albania.