Numerical Investigation of Ti3C2 MXene Nanofluid Convective Heat Transfer Performance in Circular Tube

Ti3C2 Mxene exhibits promising thermophysical properties and heat transfer performance, rendering it a potentially valuable material for industrial applications. In the present study, water and water-CMC (Carboxymetthyl Cellulose) are selected as the base fluids. However, the lack of research on characterization and heat transfer performance studies encourages the present research. Subsequently, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is employed to analyse the heat transfer performance and pressure drop of each variable utilising the effective properties method for single-phase nanofluids. Given that an increase in nanofluid heat transfer tends to result in an elevated pressure drop, Design Expert optimization is employed to analyse multi-objective optimization. This study aims to optimize the heat transfer of Ti3C2 nanofluid. This research uses a Circular tube as a test section and acts as a fluid domain. Based on the CFD simulation, water-CMC can significantly increase the average Nusselt number with better heat transfer performance. The pressure drop of water-CMC is also gradually increasing. Based on Design Expert numerical optimization, the most optimum Ti3C2 nanofluid satisfied increasing heat transfer performance and decreasing pressure drop is Ti3C2-Water-CMC 0.35wt% (0.083vol%) nanofluid. This nanofluid has 74.514 for the Nusselt number and 1998.739 Pa for the pressure drop.