Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities of Sonchus maritimus: An Updated Review

Sonchus maritimus, a member of the Asteraceae family, is an annual herbaceous plant that exhibits a multitude of pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective effects, attributed to its rich phytochemical composition. S. maritimus is a type of nutrient-rich wild plant widely found in Asia, Africa and Europe, with its leaves being edible and consumed as a healthy green vegetable. Research findings indicate that S. maritimus exhibits a wide range of significant phytochemical and pharmacological properties, underscoring its potential therapeutic value. According to scientific studies, this plant is rich in key bioactive compounds, including phenolic compounds, tannins, terpenoids, and flavonoids. Specifically, S. maritimus has been found to contain prominent flavonoids such as Rutin, Naringin, and Quercetin, which are known for their beneficial effects. The presence of these phytochemicals contributes to the plant's medicinal properties, highlighting its potential as a valuable natural resource for various health applications.  Furthermore, extensive pharmacological studies have revealed that the plant exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and antitumor effects. Based on these findings, it can be inferred that S. maritimus holds considerable potential as a rich source of plant-derived pharmaceuticals, positioning it as a prime candidate for the development of novel therapeutic agents. Ultimately, S. maritimus may indeed be regarded as one of the most promising sources of plant-based medicines, given its impressive array of bioactive compounds and associated health benefits.