AQUAPONICS: A SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY FOR AQUACULTURE AND AGRICULTURE FOOD SECURITY

Aquaponics are one of green technologies and that would allow for the production of multiple food products like fish and vegetables in one complete system. Aquaponic systems also have potential as a sustainable food security practice as the production of vegetables and fish can be done simultaneously. The process also supports global Sustainable Development Goals (SDG); SDG 1 (no poverty) and SDG 2 (zero hunger), with the implementation of aquaponic systema by local communities. The aquaponic concept is characterised by the recycling of fish waste into beneficial products and as a source of nutrients and natural fertilisers for plant growth. The synergy between the plants, fish and bacteria in the soil and fish waste benefits all components in the system and promotes a circular economy. This review emphasises the types of aquaponic systems, the fish that are suitable for aquaponic cultivation, the types of vegetables that are suitable for aquaponic cultivation and the benefits of the application of aquaponic systems. Aquaponic systems, help promote a sustainable environment, for the recycling of fish and plant waste into fertilisers that maximise resources use and production yields. In this manner, the system helps the local community improve socioeconomic and income generation as well as supports national and global food security agenda.