Flexion-distraction Injuries in Children and Adolescents

Educational Objectives As a result of reading this article, physicians should be able to: 1. Understand the spectrum of injuries associated with pediatric flexion-distraction injuries. 2. Distinguish the different patterns of pediatric flexion-distraction injuries. 3. Understand the treatment options and recommendations for pediatric flexion-distraction injuries. 4. Review the associations between restraints and flexion-distraction injuries in children. Flexion-distraction injuries represent an uncommon pattern of injury in the pediatric population. Although this is a well-studied topic in adults, the literature on such injuries in children and adolescents is relatively sparse, with only low levels of evidence available to guide treatment. These injuries carry a high rate of concomitant injuries and a high morbidity and mortality in this population. Proper understanding of these complex injuries is important to ensure proper management and avoid complications.