Novel petrophysical considerations and strategies for carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS)

Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) is a critical technology for mitigating climate change by capturing CO? emissions from industrial sources and storing them in geological formations. This paper explores novel petrophysical considerations and strategies for enhancing CCUS implementation. These advanced petrophysical techniques are critical inputs into the five pillars that govern successful execution of CCUS projects. They are: Storage capacity, Containment risk analysis (CRA), Injectivity, Monitoring, Measurement & Verification (MMV) and Stake holder management. This paper explores the use of advanced logging  techniques  such as high-resolution imaging, digital rock physics, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), to provide detailed insights into reservoir properties, facilitating more accurate estimation of CO? storage capacity and Injectivity. The integration of machine learning and artificial intelligence enhances data interpretation, optimizing site selection, containment and monitoring processes. The challenges and opportunities of CCUS in unconventional reservoirs, including tight formations and shale reservoirs, are also addressed. Effective CCUS strategies involve thorough site selection and characterization, advanced injection and monitoring techniques, comprehensive risk assessment and mitigation, and supportive economic and policy frameworks. Emerging technologies and interdisciplinary collaboration are essential for the long-term sustainability and success of CCUS projects. Future research needs include understanding CO? behavior in various geological settings, developing cost-effective capture technologies, and improving public perception and social acceptance. This paper underscores the importance of an integrated approach to CCUS, leveraging technological advancements and collaborative efforts to combat climate change. Keywords: Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS), Petrophysical Techniques, Monitoring, Measurement and Verification (MMV), Risk Assessment.